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Renaud de Montauban, (also spelled ''Renaut'', ''Renault'', Italian: ''Rinaldo di Montalbano'', Dutch: ''Reinout van Montalba(e)n'') was a fictional hero and knight who was introduced to literature in a 12th-century Old French ''chanson de geste'' known as ''Les Quatre Fils Aymon'' ("The Four Sons of Aymon") (frequently referred to simply as (tale of ) ''Renaud de Montauban''). The four sons of Duke Aymon are Renaud, Richard, Alard, and Guiscard, and their cousin is the magician Maugris (French: ''Maugis'', Italian: ''Malagi'', ''Malagigi''). Renaud possess a magical horse Bayard and the sword Froberge (Italian: ''Fusberta'', ''Frusberta''). The story of Renaud had a European success. The tale was adapted into Dutch, German, Italian and English versions throughout the Middle Ages and also incited subsequent sequels and related texts that form part of the Doon de Mayence cycle of ''chansons''. Renaud, as Rinaldo, is an important character in Italian Renaissance epics, including ''Morgante'' by Luigi Pulci, ''Orlando Innamorato'' by Matteo Maria Boiardo and ''Orlando Furioso'' by Ludovico Ariosto. ==Quatre Fils Aymon== (詳細はOld French ''chanson de geste'' ''Quatre Fils Aymon'' dates from the late 12th century and comprises 18,489 alexandrine (12 syllable) verses grouped in assonanced and rhymed laisses (the first 12,120 verses use assonance; critics suggest that the rhymed laisses derive from a different poet).〔Holmes, 94.〕 It is one of the longest of all the ''chansons de geste''.〔 Other versions range from 14,300 to 28,000 verses.〔Hasenohr and Zink, 1256.〕 It was transformed into prose romances in the 14th and 15th centuries, and, judging from the number of editions, the prose ''Quatre Fils Aymon'' was the most popular romance of chivalry in the late 15th and first half of the 16th century in France.〔Authur Tilly. ''Studies in the French Renaissance.'' New York: Barnes & Noble, 1968, p.16.〕 The tale was the basis of other medieval versions in Italian, German, Dutch and English. The plot of the French ''chanson'' is as follows: Renaud and his three brothers were sons of Aymon de Dordone. They flee from the court of Charlemagne after Renaud kills one of Charlemagne's nephews (Bertolai) in a brawl. A long war follows, during which Renaud and his brothers remain faithful to the chivalrous code of honor despite their sufferings, until Charlemagne is prevailed on by his paladins to make terms. The four brothers are pardoned on condition that Renaud go to the Holy Land on Crusade, and that their magical horse Bayard, who could expand his size to carry all four brothers on its back, be surrendered to Charlemagne. Charlemagne orders that the magic horse be drowned by chaining it to a stone and throwing it in a river, but the horse escapes and lives forever more in the woods. Renaud, after further adventures on the Crusades, returns home. He eventually abandons his home and goes to Cologne, where he becomes a builder on a shrine to Saint Peter. In the end, he is murdered by resentful workers, but his body is miraculously saved from the river and makes its way magically in a cart back to his brothers. Bulfinch relates that the cart magically moved to Dortmund, where Renaud is made patron saint of a new church, identifying him with Saint Reinold.〔(Bartleby ) Thomas Bulfinch, Legends of Charlemagne, The Age of Fable, vol 4, New York, 1913, Chapter 20〕 Charlemagne is portrayed as vengeful and treacherous in these stories, and he is fooled by the sorcerer Maugris; the sympathy of the storyteller is clearly with the four brothers, but ultimately feudal authority is upheld. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Renaud de Montauban」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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